1.
이런저런 일로 외장디스크에 데이타를 보관합니다. 오랜 습관입니다.
최근 Seagate 4테라 디스크를 외장으로 연결하여 사용하려고 하니까 용량이 2 테라로 나옵니다. 순간 디스크가 잘못된 줄 알았습니다. 그래서 처음에는 디스크 복구도구를 사용하였습니다. 리눅스보다는 윈도우가 좀더 좋을 듯 하여 찾아보니까 TestDisk가 있더군요.
TestDisk, Data Recovery
TestDisk is OpenSource software and is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL v2+).
TestDisk is powerful free data recovery software! It was primarily designed to help recover lost partitions and/or make non-booting disks bootable again when these symptoms are caused by faulty software: certain types of viruses or human error (such as accidentally deleting a Partition Table). Partition table recovery using TestDisk is really easy.
TestDisk can
Fix partition table, recover deleted partition
Recover FAT32 boot sector from its backup
Rebuild FAT12/FAT16/FAT32 boot sector
Fix FAT tables
Rebuild NTFS boot sector
Recover NTFS boot sector from its backup
Fix MFT using MFT mirror
Locate ext2/ext3/ext4 Backup SuperBlock
Undelete files from FAT, exFAT, NTFS and ext2 filesystem
Copy files from deleted FAT, exFAT, NTFS and ext2/ext3/ext4 partitions.
TestDisk has features for both novices and experts. For those who know little or nothing about data recovery techniques, TestDisk can be used to collect detailed information about a non-booting drive which can then be sent to a tech for further analysis. Those more familiar with such procedures should find TestDisk a handy tool in performing onsite recovery.
기쁜 마음으로 실행해보니까 훌륭한 도구인 듯 하지만 제 문제를 해결하는데 도움이 되지 않았습니다. 파티션정보를 정확히 읽어오는데 용량이 작은 문제를 해결하지 못합니다. 그래서 다른 자료를 찾아보았습니다. 제목만 보면 매력적으로 다가옵니다. 이런 제목장사가 무척 많았습니다.
4TB Drive Only Shows 2TB: Why and How to Solve It?
결론은 아무 도움이 되지 않았습니다. 소프트웨어적인 문제가 아닌 듯 하여 시험을 해보았습니다.
먼저 윈도우를 사용할 수 있는 컴퓨터에 직접 연결하여 용량을 확인하였습니다. 부팅해서 보니까 ‘4 테라’가 정확히 보입니다. 외장하드케이스때문으로 보입니다.
다음으로 외장하드케이스 두개를 놓고 번갈아 시험했습니다. 서로 다른 회사 제품입니다. 하나는 정확히 4 테라를 인식합니다.
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 |
smallake@elementaryOS:/media/smallake$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sde smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-6.8.0-45-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Video 3.5 HDD Device Model: ST4000VM000-1F3168 Serial Number: Z304SXHX LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 086d71dac Firmware Version: SC25 <strong>User Capacity: 4,000,787,030,016 bytes [4.00 TB]</strong> Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical Rotation Rate: 5900 rpm Form Factor: 3.5 inches Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ACS-2, ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3b SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s) Local Time is: Thu Nov 7 08:43:38 2024 KST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 107) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. No Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 496) minutes. Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x10b9) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thres500holds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 117 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 161456528 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 094 091 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 087 087 020 Old_age Always - 14243 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 084 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 288770809 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 081 081 000 Old_age Always - 17109 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 096 096 020 Old_age Always - 4640 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 098 000 Old_age Always - 21475229704 189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 231 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 080 048 045 Old_age Always - 20 (Min/Max 16/20) 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 220 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 093 093 000 Old_age Always - 14764 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 020 052 000 Old_age Always - 20 (0 14 0 0 0) 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t] SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. |
2.
외장케이스의 차이는 두가지입니다.
첫째는 SATA버전이 다릅니다. SATA2와 SATA3입니다.
둘째는 제조회사입니다. USB to Serial-ATA bridge 칩이 다릅니다. JMicron과 Sunplus입니다.
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 |
[ 3886.632036] usb 3-2.1: new high-speed USB device number 7 using xhci_hcd [ 3886.741265] usb 3-2.1: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=2329, bcdDevice= 1.00 [ 3886.741278] usb 3-2.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=5 [ 3886.741282] usb 3-2.1: Product: USB to ATA/ATAPI bridge [ 3886.741285] usb 3-2.1: Manufacturer: JMicron [ 3886.741288] usb 3-2.1: SerialNumber: 03043828 [ 3886.753700] usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [ 3886.753931] usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0: Quirks match for vid 152d pid 2329: 8020 [ 3886.754012] scsi host6: usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0 [ 4112.987933] usb 3-2.1: USB disconnect, device number 7 [11023.968347] usb 3-2.1: new high-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd [11024.076714] usb 3-2.1: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=2329, bcdDevice= 1.00 [11024.076725] usb 3-2.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=5 [11024.076731] usb 3-2.1: Product: USB to ATA/ATAPI bridge [11024.076735] usb 3-2.1: Manufacturer: JMicron [11024.076739] usb 3-2.1: SerialNumber: 03043828 [11024.084666] usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected |
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 |
[11024.085065] scsi host6: usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0 [11119.596667] usb 3-2.1: reset high-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd [11119.930984] usb 3-2.1: reset high-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd [11264.226755] usb 3-2.1: reset high-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd [11264.336097] usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [11264.336258] usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0: Quirks match for vid 152d pid 2329: 8020 [11264.336300] scsi host6: usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0 [11764.918427] usb 3-2.1: USB disconnect, device number 8 [11787.368280] usb 3-2.1: new high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd [11787.480666] usb 3-2.1: New USB device found, idVendor=04fc, idProduct=0c25, bcdDevice= 1.12 [11787.480678] usb 3-2.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1 [11787.480683] usb 3-2.1: Product: USB to Serial-ATA bridge [11787.480687] usb 3-2.1: Manufacturer: Sunplus Technology Co.,Ltd. [11787.480690] usb 3-2.1: SerialNumber: FF310005280000000000009FF9FFFF [11787.489054] usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [11787.489323] scsi host6: usb-storage 3-2.1:1.0 |
아마도 칩의 차이때문에 용량을 인삭하는 최대값이 달라진 듯 합니다.
USB to Serial-ATA bridge
USB to ATA/ATAPI bridge
최근에 나온 제품은 USB to SATA Bridge라고 합니다. 아래를 참고하시면.
Experiment: USB to SATA bridge chips and >2Tb drives
다른 분들이 저와 같은 경험을 할 일이 별로 없을 듯 합니다. 다만 외장케이스에 따라 최대값이 달라질 수 있다는 점은 기억하시길 바랍니다. 특히 오래된 케이스를 사용하면 더욱더 그렇습니다.
